SSS 1

Lesson 1 · Biology as an Inquiry into Life

• •Define biology and explain its importance to humans and the environment.
• •Identify various branches of biology such as botany, zoology, and microbiology.

Lesson 2 · Method of Science and Microscope Use

• •Explain the scientific method and the steps involved in biological investigations.
• •Demonstrate the correct use and care of a light microscope in the laboratory.

Lesson 3 · Careers in Biology and Usefulness of Biology

• •Identify career opportunities available to students of biology in Nigeria.
• •Evaluate the usefulness of biological knowledge in medicine, agriculture, and pharmacy.

Lesson 4 · Laboratory Safety and Basic Equipment

• •Describe the safety rules to be observed in a biology laboratory.
• •Identify common laboratory equipment and their specific functions.

Lesson 5 · Characteristics of Living Organisms

• •Identify the characteristic features of living things using the acronym MR NIGER D.
• •Compare the differences between plants and animals based on their life processes.

Lesson 1 · Classification of Living and Non-living Things

• •Distinguish between living things, non-living things, and once-living things.
• •Classify various objects found in the school compound as living or non-living things.

Lesson 2 · Viruses as Borderline Between Living and Non-living Things

• •Describe the characteristics of viruses and their status as borderline organisms.
• •Explain why viruses are considered non-living outside a host cell.

Lesson 3 · Levels of Organization in Non-living Matter

• •Illustrate the organizational levels of non-living matter from atoms to molecules.
• •Identify the chemical elements that form the basis of life.

Lesson 4 · Relationship Between Living and Non-living Things

• •Describe how living things interact with non-living components in an ecosystem.
• •Explain the importance of water and minerals to living organisms.

Lesson 5 · Environmental Impact on Living and Non-living Things

• •Discuss the effects of environmental changes on living and non-living things.
• •Propose ways to preserve living things within a specific Nigerian habitat.

Lesson 1 · History and Definition of the Cell

• •Define the cell and explain the cell theory established by scientists.
• •Identify the three main parts of a cell: membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus.

Lesson 2 · Detailed Structure of Plant and Animal Cells

• •Identify the structures and functions of organelles in a typical plant cell.
• •Identify the structures and functions of organelles in a typical animal cell.

Lesson 3 · Comparison of Plant and Animal Cells

• •Compare and contrast the structural differences between plant and animal cells.
• •Describe the specific functions of the nucleus, mitochondria, and chloroplasts.

Lesson 4 · Cellular Transport Mechanisms: Diffusion and Osmosis

• •Explain the concepts of diffusion and osmosis as methods of cellular transport.
• •Demonstrate osmosis using a yam tuber or a potato osmoscope.

Lesson 5 · Active Transport and Plasmolysis

• •Describe the process of plasmolysis and its effect on plant cells.
• •Define active transport and its importance in nutrient uptake by cells.

Lesson 1 · Mitosis: The Process of Cell Division

• •Define mitosis and identify the types of cells where it occurs.
• •Describe the stages of mitosis including prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.

Lesson 2 · Significance of Mitosis in Living Things

• •Explain the importance of mitosis in growth, repair, and asexual reproduction.
• •Relate uncontrolled mitosis to the development of cancerous growths.

Lesson 3 · Meiosis: Reduction Division

• •Define meiosis and identify the organs where it occurs in humans.
• •Describe the two-stage division process of meiosis and the formation of gametes.

Lesson 4 · Significance and Comparison of Meiosis

• •Explain how meiosis leads to genetic variation and maintains chromosome numbers.
• •Compare the differences between mitosis and meiosis in terms of daughter cells.

Lesson 5 · Chromosomes and Genetic Material

• •State the location and role of chromosomes and genes in cell division.
• •Identify the number of chromosomes in humans and their role in heredity.

Lesson 1 · The Cell Level of Organisation

• •Identify the cell as the basic functional unit of life.
• •Give examples of unicellular organisms such as Amoeba and Chlamydomonas.

Lesson 2 · The Tissue Level of Organisation

• •Define a tissue and give examples in plants and animals.
• •Explain the functions of tissues like xylem in plants and muscle in animals.

Lesson 3 · The Organ Level of Organisation

• •Define an organ and identify examples like the leaves, heart, and kidney.
• •Describe how different tissues work together to perform a specific organ function.

Lesson 4 · The System Level of Organisation

• •Identify the major systems in humans such as digestive and respiratory systems.
• •Explain how various organs coordinate to form a functional system.

Lesson 5 · The Organism Level and Complexity

• •Describe the organism as the highest level of biological organisation.
• •Explain the advantages of complexity in multicellular organisms over unicellular ones.

Lesson 1 · Principles of Classification and Hierarchy

• •Explain the principles and the necessity of biological classification.
• •Identify the hierarchy of living things from Kingdom down to Species.

Lesson 2 · Kingdoms Monera and Protista

• •Describe the characteristics and examples of organisms in Kingdom Monera.
• •Identify the distinctive features and examples of organisms in Kingdom Protista.

Lesson 3 · Kingdom Fungi: Characteristics and Examples

• •Describe the characteristics of Kingdom Fungi and their mode of nutrition.
• •Identify common Nigerian examples of fungi such as mushrooms and bread mould.

Lesson 4 · Kingdom Plantae: Grouping and Features

• •Explain the characteristics of Kingdom Plantae and their role as producers.
• •Identify the main groups of plants including bryophytes and tracheophytes.

Lesson 5 · Kingdom Animalia: Characteristics and Diversity

• •Describe the characteristics of Kingdom Animalia and their heterotrophic nature.
• •Distinguish between vertebrates and invertebrates using local examples.

Lesson 1 · Classification and Diversity of Plants

• •Classify plants based on their life cycle and botanical features.
• •Distinguish between monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plants using leaf and seed samples.

Lesson 2 · Invertebrates: Diversity and Classification

• •Identify the diagnostic features of major invertebrate phyla like Arthropoda.
• •Classify invertebrates found in Nigeria such as snails, earthworms, and insects.

Lesson 3 · Vertebrates: Pisces and Amphibians

• •Identify the five classes of vertebrates: Pisces, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia.
• •Describe the adaptative features of fish and amphibians for their habitats.

Lesson 4 · Vertebrates: Reptiles and Birds

• •Describe the characteristics and terrestrial adaptations of reptiles and birds.
• •Identify common Nigerian birds and reptiles and their ecological roles.

Lesson 5 · Characteristics and Diversity of Mammals

• •Identify the unique characteristics of mammals and their various groups.
• •Compare the external features of different mammals found in West Africa.

Lesson 1 · Introduction to Photosynthesis and Leaf Structure

• •Define photosynthesis and write the balanced chemical equation for the process.
• •Identify the external and internal structures of a leaf suited for photosynthesis.

Lesson 2 · Mechanisms of Photosynthesis: Light and Dark Stages

• •Explain the importance of chlorophyll and light energy in photosynthesis.
• •Describe the light-dependent and light-independent stages of photosynthesis.

Lesson 3 · Requirements and Experiments for Photosynthesis

• •Identify the necessary factors for photosynthesis including water and carbon dioxide.
• •Demonstrate an experiment to show that light is necessary for photosynthesis.

Lesson 4 · Mineral Nutrition and Deficiencies in Plants

• •Identify the macro-nutrients and micro-nutrients required for healthy plant growth.
• •Describe the symptoms of mineral deficiencies in plants like nitrogen and phosphorus.

Lesson 5 · Importance and Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Rate

• •Explain the importance of photosynthesis to the survival of all living things.
• •Describe how environmental factors like temperature affect the rate of photosynthesis.

Lesson 1 · Dentition and Mechanical Digestion

• •Identify the types of teeth in mammals and their specific functions.
• •Describe the dental formula of humans and relate it to diet.

Lesson 2 · Structure of the Human Digestive System

• •Identify the organs that make up the human alimentary canal.
• •Describe the pathway of food from the mouth to the anus.

Lesson 3 · Enzymes and Chemical Digestion of Food

• •Explain the roles of enzymes in the mouth and stomach.
• •Describe the process of chemical digestion in the small intestine.

Lesson 4 · Absorption and Assimilation of Digested Food

• •Describe how digested food is absorbed into the bloodstream via villi.
• •Explain the assimilation of absorbed nutrients into body cells for energy.

Lesson 5 · Egestion and Digestive Health Disorders

• •Describe the process of egestion and the importance of dietary fibre.
• •Identify common digestive disorders such as constipation and ulcers.

Lesson 1 · Need for and Materials of Transport Systems

• •Explain the need for a transport system in large multicellular organisms.
• •Identify the materials transported in plants and animals.

Lesson 2 · The Human Circulatory System: Blood and Vessels

• •Describe the composition and functions of blood and lymph in humans.
• •Identify the structures and functions of the human heart and blood vessels.

Lesson 3 · Mechanism of Transport and Circulation in Humans

• •Describe the mechanism of heartbeat and the flow of blood through the body.
• •Explain the double circulation system and its importance in mammals.

Lesson 4 · Transport Mechanisms in Higher Plants

• •Identify the roles of xylem and phloem in plant transport.
• •Explain the processes of transpiration and translocation in vascular plants.

Lesson 5 · Transpiration and its Measuring Factors

• •Describe the factors that affect the rate of transpiration in plants.
• •Demonstrate an experiment to measure transpiration using a potometer.

Lesson 1 · Introduction to Respiration and Respiratory Organs

• •Define respiration and distinguish between external breathing and internal respiration.
• •Describe the structure and function of the human respiratory system.

Lesson 2 · Mechanism of Breathing and Gaseous Exchange

• •Explain the mechanism of inhalation and exhalation in humans.
• •Describe the exchange of gases in the alveoli of the lungs.

Lesson 3 · Cellular Respiration: Aerobic and Anaerobic

• •Compare aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration in terms of energy yield.
• •Write word and chemical equations for both types of cellular respiration.

Lesson 4 · Energy Production and Experimental Evidence

• •Describe the production of ATP and its role as energy currency.
• •Demonstrate an experiment to show that carbon dioxide is exhaled.

Lesson 5 · Respiration and Gaseous Exchange in Plants

• •Explain how plants exchange gases through stomata and lenticels.
• •Compare the processes of respiration and photosynthesis in plants.